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silent earthquake 【地質學;地理學】無聲地震〔指地殼構造板塊的滑動或移動〕...

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Geologists have long known that water leaking into faults can trigger earthquakes , and nine days is about the same amount of time that they estimate it takes water to work its way down through cracks and pores in kilauea ' s fractured basaltic rock to a depth of five kilometers ? where the silent earthquake occurred 科學家早就知道,水要是滲進斷層之內便會引發地震,而他們估計,雨水從裂縫和孔隙滲入奇勞亞火山破裂的玄武巖所需的時間,正好就是九天;滲透的深度達五公里,也就是無聲地震發生的地方。

Kilauea ' s network of more than 20 gps stations , for example , has already revealed that the volcano experiences creep , silent earthquakes as well as large , destructive typical earthquakes 舉例來說,涵蓋了20多個gps接收站的奇勞亞火山接收網,就曾記錄到潛移、無聲地震,以及大規模具有破壞性的典型地震。

The existence of silent earthquakes gives scientists a completely new angle on the slip process by permitting the detailed study of fault zones through every stage of their movement 然而,無聲地震的存在卻提供科學家一個全新的角度,來看待斷層滑動的過程,讓他們對斷層帶運動的每個階段做更仔細的研究。

The silent earthquakes may then take place when a batch of fluid from the slab is working its way up ? as the fluid passes , it will unclamp the fault zone a little bit , perhaps allowing some slow slip 這是因為當水通過斷層帶的片刻,會微微地搖撼一下斷層帶,這或許就是引發輕微滑動的原因。

In the best case , the acceleration would occur in fits and starts , in a cascade of silent earthquakes slowly escalating into regular earthquakes , and then on to catastrophe 反之,最佳的情況是,加速作用會間歇性發生,以一連串無聲地震的型式慢慢增長成一般地震,然后演變成一場大災難。

Nine days before the most recent silent earthquake on kilauea , a torrential rainstorm dropped nearly a meter of water on the volcano in less than 36 hours 就在奇勞亞火山最近一次發生無聲地震的九天前,一陣猛烈的暴風雨在36小時之內讓火山地區累積了將近一公尺的雨量。

Discovering the silent earthquake on kilauea suggests that the volcano ' s south flank is on the move ? perhaps on its way to eventual obliteration 奇勞亞火山發生無聲地震一事,暗示著火山的南側正在移動或許,它正通往最終毀滅的道路。

The chances of catastrophic flank failure are slim , and the instruments that record silent earthquakes might make early warnings possible 災難性邊坡崩坍發生的機率其實很低,而記錄無聲地震的儀器也使及早發出預警成為可能。

Occurrences of silent earthquakes are also being reported in areas where flank failure is not an issue 在一些未有邊坡崩坍問題的地區,也有無聲地震的發生。

Fortunately , the discovery of silent earthquakes is revealing more good news than bad 值得慶幸的是,無聲地震的發現亦未嘗不是件好事兒。

Silent earthquakes are only just beginning to enter the public lexicon 無聲地震才剛開始要成為眾所周知的語匯。